A small-scale low-temperature coolant circulating pump is a device that achieves low-temperature liquid circulation through mechanical refrigeration, with its core working principle based on the vapor compression refrigeration cycle. The detailed explanation is as follows:
I. Working Principle
1. Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle
The compressor compresses low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas into high-temperature and high-pressure gas. After heat dissipation through the condenser, this gas is converted into high-pressure liquid.
The high-pressure liquid undergoes throttling and pressure reduction via the expansion valve, then enters the evaporator. In the evaporator, it absorbs heat from the coolant and evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure gas, which is then sucked back into the compressor to form a closed-loop cycle.
The circulating pump delivers the coolant (such as water or ethylene glycol solution) to the equipment that needs cooling, enabling heat exchange.
2. Temperature Control
A temperature sensor is used to monitor the coolant temperature in real time. Cooperating with a thermostat or an intelligent temperature control system, it adjusts the refrigeration intensity to maintain a stable low-temperature environment.
II. Main Applications
1. Laboratory Research
· It is used with rotary evaporators, reaction kettles, freeze-drying equipment, etc., to support low-temperature experiments such as chemical synthesis and biopharmaceuticals.
· It is adapted to precision instruments like electron microscopes and lasers to solve the problem of water temperature fluctuation.
2. Industrial and Medical Fields
· It provides stable cooling for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometers and ultrasonic imaging equipment.
· It is used for testing special materials in the aerospace field.
3. Other Scenarios
With its miniaturized design, it can be directly placed on a desktop or in a fume hood, making it suitable for environments with limited space.
III. Features and Advantages
1. Efficient Refrigeration
The minimum temperature can reach -120℃, enabling rapid cooling and precise temperature control.
2. Safety Protection
It is equipped with high-pressure protection, overcurrent protection, and an overflow port design to prevent equipment overload.
3. Corrosion Resistance
The stainless steel circulation system extends the service life of the equipment.
Notes on Terminology
· Professional terms such as “vapor compression refrigeration cycle”, “expansion valve”, and “evaporator” adopt standard English expressions in the industrial equipment field to ensure consistency with industry application scenarios.
· “Ethylene glycol solution” is retained as a common coolant type to conform to the conventions of technical documents.